Combined tile and concrete floor construction



'May '17, 192%.'

G. H. BUGENHAGEN COMBINED TILE AND CONCRETE FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Fil'ed Dec.

INV NTOR g v we v ATTORNEY Patented May 17, 1927.

PATENT "OFFICE.

GEORGE n. BUGENHAGEN, or v'rmo'r, NO TH DAKOTA.

COMBINED TILE Ann oononn'rnrnoon oonsrnuc'rion.

Application filed December 12, 1924. Serial No. 755,461.

1 An object of this il'lveution is to provide a floorconstruction embodying a hollow tile lmving a concentrated or extralleavy upper portion adapted, when combined with concrete between adjacent tiles, to provide a portion of the compressive resisting material instead of being used as a filler only, with no structural value.

A further object of this invention is to provide closures for the ends of the chambers in. hollow tiles employed with concrete in a floor construction.

A further object of this invent-ion is to provide an arrangement of tiles in a floor coi'istructi on, and closures for the ends'of the chambers in said tiles, whereby concrete may be employed between adjacent tiles and form a union with the top portions of the tiles'at the sides and ends thereof, thereby enabling the tiles to provide compressive resisting material in two directions substanti ally at right angles to each other.

A. further object of this invention is to shorten the width of openings in the top portion and thereby strengthen the upper portions of a tile against compressive stresses.

further object of this invention is to provide a tile with an upper portion of substantially increased thickness and said upper portion formed H with spaced longitudinal passages or round core holes suitable to present processes of manufacture.

A further object of this invention is to provide a tile with an upper portion of substantially increased thickness and beveled ends, whereby said tiles may be laid end to end in spaced rows and concrete be placed between the rows and between the beveled ends and form a union therewith, said tiles contacting in sequence in the rows by the ends of their bottoms and ribs and the lower edges of their tops, thus providing tile beams united by concrete in the beveled notches r and the beams united by concrete between them.

A further object of this invention is to provide closures for the ends of chambers in hollow tile employing a sheet and a spring device adapted to be engaged by a tile and hold the sheet against the end of the tile, said sheet covering a portion only of the end ofthe tile.

My invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of elements hereinafter set forth, pointed out in the and concrete between them.

claims and. illustrated by the accompanying drawing, in which-- Figure l is a plan of a portion of a floor embodying portions of four assembledtiles Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same view, showing the tiles and concrete in section. Figure 3 is a cross-section on the indicated line y-y of Figure 1. Figures 4 and 5 are vertical sec tions atright anglesto each other, illustrat ing particularly the application of the closures and springs therefor to ends! of the tiles, on an enlarged scale.

Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an assen'iblage of tiles and concrete with expansion joints and various'forms of reinforcing devices in said concrete.

Figures 7 and 8 are vertical sections, at right angles to each other, illustrating. the use of tiles having beveled ends on their upper portions.

In the construction of the floor as shown the numeral 10 designates generally a hollow tile of prismatic form having longitudinal chambers 11 separated and inclosed on the sides by webs 12, a bottom 13 and a top 14. The top 14 of each tile .10 is materially thickor than usual, being substantially four times the thickness of the bottom 13, and preferablyis formed with longitudinal passages 15 of any desired number spaced apart both vertically and horizontally. A plurality of the tiles 10 are assembled as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, being spaced apart in two directions and concrete 16, having reinforcing elements 17 therein, is poured in the spaces between the tiles. Closing plates 18, preferably formed of waterproofed paper, are placed against the ends of the tiles and extend across the bottoms and webs thereof but not across the ends of the top portions 14, said ends of the top portions being left uncovered so that the concrete 16 may contact and form a union therewith. The plates 18 are held in place, prior to the placing of the concrete by holders 19, preferably formed of U-shaped members of spring wire having out-turned end portions 20, said portions 20 normally forming acute angles with the upright arms of the holders. The plates 18 are interposed between the looped portions of the holders and the ends of the tiles and rest on the end portions 20. The weight of the tiles on the end portions 20, press them downward and hold the looped portions of the holders firmly against the plates, thereby pressing the plates against the tiles and forming closures for the chambers 11. The concrete 16 fills the spaces between the plates 18 and buries the holders, thereby permanently holding the plates and preventing the concrete from running into the chambers 11. The increased thickness of the top portions 14 of the tiles, and the engagement thereof at both sides and ends with the concrete, provides a suitable compressive resistance in the tiles. The floor constructed as described may b provided with anyrsuitable covering superposed thereon for a finish.

In the construction shown in Figure 6 va rious forms and arrangements of reinforcing elementsare shown and expansion joints 21 are indicated in the concrete 16.

In the construction of the fioor as shown I in Figures 7 and 8, the top portions of the tiles 10 are beveled at their ends shown at 22, the closures are omitted from the ends of the tile and said ends are placed in contact or very closely together, the tiles being arranged end to end in parallel rows. the rows being spaced apart. The concrete 16 fills the spaces betweenthe rows and fills the V-shaped grooves formed by the beveled ends of the'top portions 14, thereby binding the tiles together in rows forming beams and permitting the upper portion of tiles to act in compression, whereas without this unity obtained with the V-joints filled with concrete. there would be no value obtained from the tile. Reinforcing elements 17 are placed in the concrete between the rows of tiles or beams. The ends of the passages 15 provide additional means of unionbetween the concrete and the ends of the tiles in both forms of tile. The passages 15 are of such relatively small crosssection that the matter of waste of concrete in them is negligible.

The floor as laid in either form is rigid and substantially homogeneous and the sevoral tiles constitute parts of the floor slab structure or supporting element and contribute with a relatively small amount of concrete to the resistive compressive strength of the whole, instead of constituting mere fillers as in previous common use.

I claim as my invention- 1. A combined tile and concrete floor construction comprising a plurality of tiles spaced end to end in parallel spaced rows, the top portions of said tiles being of materially increased thickness and having 1ongitudinal passages opening thru their ends, concrete filling the spaces between said rows of tiles and engaging in the ends of said passages, reinforcing elements in said concrete between the rows of tiles, closure members for the ends of said tiles, and clips, for holding said closure members in position comprising wires bent U shape for engaging the closure members, and having portions adapted to engage the under surfaces of said blocks for exerting pressure on said closure members.

2. A combined tile and concrete floor construction comprising a plurality of hollow tiles arranged in spaced relation, closures for the ends of the tiles, and clips for holding said closure members in position comprising'wires bent U shape for engaging the closure members and having portions adapted to engage the under surfaces of said blocks for exerting pressure on said closure members, and concrete filling the spaces between the tiles and engaging the ends of the top portions of the tiles above said closures.

GEORGE BUGENHAGEN. 

